Memory, Narratives and Identity. How People Recall,transmit and Live through Historical Events
نویسنده
چکیده
RESUMEN En este artículo revisaremos 6 trabajos que se centran en el impacto que tienen hechos de carácter sociopolítico, estructuras identitarias y reacciones emocionales en la creación, transmisión y mantenimiento de las memorias colectivas. Estos trabajos analizan el recuerdo de hechos históricos y la manera en que este recuerdo está influido por la edad o género de las personas. Se verá cómo se produce un fuerte consenso intercultural en el recuerdo de hechos históricos importantes. No obstante también será importante diferenciar entre el hecho de recordar algo y la interpretación que los diferentes grupos sociales pueden dar de ese hecho. En los artículos podremos observar como la identidad social del grupo y la búsqueda de mantenimiento de esta identidad social positiva conduce a que existan diferentes memorias de un mismo hecho por parte de las víctimas, sus familiares y amigos, o las personas que realizaron la acción. Estas memorias tienen consecuencias para los valores, creencias y perspectiva acerca del mundo tanto para la persona como para el grupo al que pertenece. ABSTRACT In this article we will review a series of studies concerning the impact of sociopolitical events, identity structures and emotional reactions on the creation, transmission, and maintenance of collective memories. These studies reflect on how historical events are remembered, how these memories are mediated by age cohorts and gender. Moreover, processes of globalization have produced a strong cross-cultural consensus in the recall of these events, although the content of what is recalled may be different in diverse groups. Identities and the need to maintain a positive social identity are also crucial in the recall of events. This derives in the existence of different possible memories in victims, members of a victim’s family or friends, and perpetrators of traumatic events. We will see how these memories have a series of consequences in a person or group’s values, beliefs and general view of the World.
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تاریخ انتشار 2007